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Documentation: Installation

Installation

Hardware compatibility

CloudLinux OS Shared supports all the hardware supported by RHEL/CentOS/AlmaLinux, with few exceptions. Exceptions are usually hardware that require binary drivers, and that doesn't have any open source alternatives.

Note

CloudLinux OS Shared does not support ARM-based CPUs (e.g. Graviton).

There are some incompatible devices with CL6:
Device Binary Driver Source
B110i Smart Array RAID controller hpahcisr https://h10032.www1.hp.com/ctg/Manual/c01754456
B120i/B320i Smart Array SATA RAID Controller hpvsa https://www8.hp.com/h20195/v2/GetPDF.aspx/c04168333.pdf
SanDisk DAS Cache https://www.dell.com/en-us/work/learn/server-technology-components-caching

With RHEL8 (CloudLinux OS Shared 8/CloudLinux OS Shared 7 Hybrid), some devices are no longer supported. You can check the entire list here: Hardware enablement considerations in adopting RHEL 8

Converting existing servers

It is easy to convert your existing CentOS or AlmaLinux server to CloudLinux OS Shared. The process takes a few minutes and replaces just a handful of RPMs.

Supported OS for conversion:

  • CentOS 7
  • AlmaLinux OS 8
  • RockyLinux (installation only, no uninstall option)

Unsupported OS for conversion:

  • CentOS 8
  • CentOS Stream

CentOS 8 reached End Of Life (EOL) on December 31st, 2021. If you would like to convert from CentOS 8 to CloudLinux OS 8, do the following:

Supported control panels:

$ wget https://repo.cloudlinux.com/cloudlinux/sources/cln/cldeploy
$ sh cldeploy -k <activation_key>
  • If you have an IP-based license, run the following commands:
$ sh cldeploy -i
  • If there aren't any errors during the conversion - reboot your server by running the following command:
$ reboot

Once you reboot - your server should be running with CloudLinux OS LVE kernel.

You may check the booted kernel with the following command:

$ uname -r
  • For CloudLinux OS Shared 6 — (RHEL) 2.6 kernel
  • For CloudLinux OS Shared 6 hybrid — (RHEL) 3.10 kernel
  • For CloudLinux OS Shared 7 — (RHEL) 3.10 kernel
  • For CloudLinux OS Shared 7 hybrid — (RHEL) 4.18 kernel
  • For CloudLinux OS Shared 8 — CloudLinux OS Shared 8 follows the upstream (RHEL) 4.18 kernel mainline. All CloudLinux-specific features are added as a separate module (kmod-lve).

Note

If after rebooting you do not see the CloudLinux kernel (the kernel has the abbreviation LVE in its name) then please consider check our knowledgebase or contact support.

Note

SELinux is not supported on CloudLinux OS 6 and 7. SELinux is supported on CloudLinux OS 8+, but might not work or be compatible with control panels and various components.

Note

At the end of conversion from CentOS 7.x to CloudLinux OS Shared 7, the cldeploy script converts CloudLinux OS Shared 7 to CloudLinux OS Shared 7 Hybrid.

Automatic hybridization will be performed for the AMD processors with the following CPU families:

  • Zen / Zen+ / Zen 2 / Zen 3
  • Hygon Dhyana

Automatic hybridization may be skipped by passing extra option '--no-force-hybridize'. See also advanced options for cldeploy.

CLDeploy Explained

By its design, CloudLinux OS Shared is very close to the upstream operating system - RHEL. This makes the conversion process relatively straightforward, requiring just one reboot. Here's what the cldeploy script does when you run it:

  • Backups the original repository settings into /etc/cl-convert-saved.
  • Backups RHEL system ID into /etc/cl-convert-saved (RHEL systems only).
  • Installs CloudLinux repository settings & imports CloudLinux RPM key.
  • Replaces redhat/centos-release/almalinux-release, redhat-release-notes, redhat-logos with CloudLinux versions.
  • Removes cpuspeed RPM (as it conflicts with CloudLinux limits).
  • Reinstall CloudLinux version of rhnlib/rhnplugin.
  • Checks for binary kernel modules, finds replacement if needed.
  • Detects OVH servers and fixes mkinitrd and possible boot issues.
  • Detects Linode servers and fixes grub issues.
  • Checks if LES is installed.
  • Checks that /etc/fstab has correct /dev/root
  • Checks for EFI and performs the necessary configuration.
  • Installs CloudLinux kernel, lve-utils, liblve, lve-stats RPMs.
  • Installs CloudLinux Manager for the supported control panels.
  • Installs mod_hostinglimits Apache module *:
    • RPM install for supported control panels;
    • On Plesk, replaces psa-mod_fcgid* with mod_fcgid;
    • Perform CustomBuild tool execution for DirectAdmin.

CLDeploy Explained - Uninstallation:

Here's what the cldeploy script does, if one runs it to uninstall CloudLinux:

  • Restores CentOS/AlmaLinux repositories, and almalinux-release/centos-release/release-notes/logos.
  • Removes lve, mod_hostinglimits, lve-stats, lvemanager packages.
  • mod_hostinglimits RPM is removed.

Note

cldeploy doesn't remove the kernel to prevent condition when server has no kernels and wouldn't boot. Instead, script provide the instructions on how you could remove it manually later, when it is safe to do so.

On cPanel servers, rebuild of Apache with EasyApache will complete the conversion back, but doesn't have to be performed immediately. * On DirectAdmin servers, rebuild of Apache with custombuild will complete the conversion back, but doesn't have to be performed immediately.

More information is also available here: Uninstall CloudLinux.

Common issues and troubleshooting during conversion

If you receive any troubles during the conversion process, please feel free to search our knowledgebase or contact our support and attach the conversion log (/var/log/cldeploy.log).

Activation

Getting trial license

You will need a trial activation key to be able to convert your server to CloudLinux OS Shared. The trial license subscription will work for 30 days.

If you have any issues getting activation key or if you have any questions regarding using your trial subscription – contact sales@cloudlinux.com and we will help.

To get the activation key:

  1. Register with CloudLinux Network: https://cln.cloudlinux.com/console/register/customer (skip it if you already registered)
  2. You will receive an email with activation link
  3. Login at https://cln.cloudlinux.com/console/auth/login
  4. Click on Get Trial Activation Key

You will get a key that looks like: 12314-d34463a182fede4f4d7e140f1841bcf2

Use it to register your system or to convert your server to CloudLinux OS Shared server.

License activation

To register your CloudLinux OS Shared 6/7 server with CloudLinux Network using activation key, run the following command:

$ yum install rhn-setup --enablerepo=cloudlinux-base
$ /usr/sbin/rhnreg_ks --activationkey=<activation key>

Where <activation key> is like 1231-2b48feedf5b5a0e0609ae028d9275c93

If you have IP based license, use the clnreg_ks command:

$ yum install rhn-setup --enablerepo=cloudlinux-base
$ /usr/sbin/clnreg_ks --force

To register your CloudLinux OS Shared 8 server with CloudLinux Network using activation key, run the following command:

$ yum install rhn-setup --enablerepo=cloudlinux-BaseOS
$ /usr/sbin/rhnreg_ks --activationkey=<activation key>

Where <activation key> is like 1231-2b48feedf5b5a0e0609ae028d9275c93

If you have IP based license, use the clnreg_ks command:

$ yum install rhn-setup --enablerepo=cloudlinux-BaseOS
$ /usr/sbin/clnreg_ks --force

Installing new servers

You can download the latest CloudLinux OS Shared ISO and use it to install CloudLinux OS Shared on your server:

Note

Once you install server from the ISO, make sure you register your system and then run yum update.

Note

We recommend to reinstall lvemanager, lve-utils, lve-stats, and cagefs packages after installing a control panel.

Mount and boot the image, then follow the steps.

  1. Configure a network connection as shown below.

    • the network name depends on your operating system
    • you can specify your hostname

  2. Configure installation sources:

    • select the On the network installation source and enter the following repository URL: https://repo.cloudlinux.com/cloudlinux/6/os/x86_64/Packages/ for CloudLinux OS Shared 6 https://repo.cloudlinux.com/cloudlinux/7/os/x86_64/Packages/ for CloudLinux OS Shared 7 https://repo.cloudlinux.com/cloudlinux/8/BaseOS/x86_64/os for CloudLinux OS Shared 8.
    • also, in case you'd like to get the latest packages from the Update repository, add the additional Update repository URL: https://repo.cloudlinux.com/cloudlinux/6/updates/x86_64/Packages/ for CloudLinux OS Shared 6 https://repo.cloudlinux.com/cloudlinux/7/updates/x86_64/Packages/ for CloudLinux OS Shared 7 and https://repo.cloudlinux.com/cloudlinux/8/AppStream/x86_64/os/ for CloudLinux OS Shared 8.

  3. Select software: select the Minimal install environment.

CloudLinux OS Shared images

Xen images

Note

We do not provide Xen images of CloudLinux OS Shared anymore, use ISO images instead

Net install

To install CloudLinux OS Shared over network:

  1. Download & boot using the netboot image from:

For CloudLinux OS Shared 8: https://repo.cloudlinux.com/cloudlinux/8/iso/x86_64/CloudLinux-8.5-x86_64-boot.iso.

Alternatively, you can configure your PXE server using following folder as reference: https://repo.cloudlinux.com/cloudlinux/8/install/x86_64/os/images/pxeboot/

For CloudLinux OS Shared 7: https://repo.cloudlinux.com/cloudlinux/7/iso/x86_64/CloudLinux-netinst-x86_64-7.9.iso. It will boot into CloudLinux installer.

Alternatively, you can configure your PXE server using following folder as reference: https://repo.cloudlinux.com/cloudlinux/7/install/x86_64/images/pxeboot/

  1. During the CloudLinux OS Shared installation, select URL as installation source and enter URL:

For CloudLinux OS Shared 8: https://repo.cloudlinux.com/cloudlinux/8/install/x86_64/os/ and continue with installation.

For CloudLinux OS Shared 7: https://repo.cloudlinux.com/cloudlinux/7/install/x86_64/ and continue with installation.

To install CloudLinux 6 instead, use the following URL: https://repo.cloudlinux.com/cloudlinux/6/install/x86_64/

Same URLs can be used to install para-virtualized Xen using either command-line or virt manager.

Provider-specific guidelines

AWS

CloudLinux OS Shared image list can be found here

If you are going to use CloudLinux OS Shared with cPanel image, you may find useful the following article

H-Sphere

Note

For H-Sphere 3.5+ Please note, that CageFS and PHP Selector are not supported for H-Sphere

Requirements

  1. CloudLinux OS Shared with liblve 0.8 or later.
  2. Apache 2.2.x or 1.3.
  3. mod_suexec should be enabled.

To achieve optimal performance, we recommend to convert from mod_fastcgi to mod_fcgid.

There is no need to install mod_hostinglimits – it comes built in with H-Sphere. Once you load kernel from CloudLinux OS Shared with liblve 0.8 or later – it will get enabled.

You can check if LVE is enabled by running: 

$ ps aux | grep httpd | grep DLIBLVE

If you see no output, it means that Apache didn't pick up LVE. Try checking file /hsphere/shared/scripts/apache-get-env.sh

The following lines should be there: 

if [ -e /usr/lib64/liblve.so.0 -o -e /usr/lib/liblve.so.0 ]; then
APENV_DSSL="$APENV_DSSL -DLIBLVE"
fi

If those strings are absent, you should add it, after:

else
APENV_DSSL='-DSSL'
fi
###

and before:

# this is used by apacheGetEnv.pm perl module
if [ "$1" = 'show' ] ; then
set | egrep "^APENV_"
fi

strings.

Restart Apache afterward.

Note

Don't forget to convert from mod_fastcgi to mod_fcgid.

Converting from mod_fastcgi to mod_fcgid

To achieve the best results in productivity and stability we recommend converting from mod_fastcgi to mod_fcgid.

Note

H-Sphere 3.6.3+

  1. Download our fcgi.conf file:
$ wget -O /hsphere/local/config/httpd2/fcgi.conf https://repo.cloudlinux.com/cloudlinux/sources/mod_fcgid-hsphere/fcgi.conf
  1. Edit ~httpd2/conf/extra/httpd-hostinglimits.conf to the following state:
######
LoadModule hostinglimits_module /hsphere/shared/apache2/modules/mod_hostinglimits.so

<IfModule mod_hostinglimits.c>
SkipErrors Off
AllowedHandlers cgi-script %php% fcgid-script application/x-miva-compiled
DenyHandlers hs-php5-script hs-php53-script hs-php54-script
Include /hsphere/local/config/httpd2/fcgi.conf
 
</IfModule>
#######
  1. Go to P.Servers > web server [Config] and be sure to have enabled:
    • apache_version=2
    • apache_mpm=prefork
    • apache_fastcgi
    • apache_fcgid
    • PHP version/mode: php_fastcgi*

Note

*No changes needed to httpd.conf.tmpl.custom or usermodule.phpmode as this version provides its own mod_fcgid.

Older versions of H-Sphere

  1. Compile mod_fcgid module:
$ yum install gcc liblve-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel 
$ wget https://apache.osuosl.org//httpd/mod_fcgid/mod_fcgid-2.3.9.tar.gz
$ tar zxvf mod_fcgid-2.3.9.tar.gz
$ cd mod_fcgid-2.3.9/
$ APXS=/hsphere/shared/apache2/bin/apxs ./configure.apxs 
$ make
$ mv modules/fcgid/.libs/mod_fcgid.so /hsphere/shared/apache2/modules
  1. Download and apply patch https://repo.cloudlinux.com/cloudlinux/sources/mod_fcgid-hsphere/usemodule.phpmode.patch to /hsphere/local/config/scripts/usemodule.phpmode:
$ wget https://repo.cloudlinux.com/cloudlinux/sources/mod_fcgid-hsphere/usemodule.phpmode.patch 
$ patch /hsphere/local/config/scripts/usemodule.phpmode usemodule.phpmode.patch
  1. If /hsphere/local/config/httpd2/httpd.conf.tmpl.custom does not exists – create it:
$ cp -rp /hsphere/local/config/httpd2/httpd.conf.tmpl /hsphere/local/config/httpd2/httpd.conf.tmpl.custom

Download and apply patch https://repo.cloudlinux.com/cloudlinux/sources/mod_fcgid-hsphere/httpd.conf.tmpl.patch to the /hsphere/local/config/httpd2/httpd.conf.tmpl.custom:

$ wget https://repo.cloudlinux.com/cloudlinux/sources/mod_fcgid-hsphere/httpd.conf.tmpl.patch 
$ patch --fuzz=3 /hsphere/local/config/httpd2/httpd.conf.tmpl.cusom  httpd.conf.tmpl.patch
  1. Download pre-defined config file https://repo.cloudlinux.com/cloudlinux/sources/mod_fcgid-hsphere/fcgi.conf to /hsphere/local/config/httpd2:
$ wget -O /hsphere/local/config/httpd2/fcgi.conf https://repo.cloudlinux.com/cloudlinux/sources/mod_fcgid-hsphere/fcgi.conf
  1. Download our wrapper file https://repo.cloudlinux.com/cloudlinux/sources/mod_fcgid-hsphere/php-wrapper into /hsphere/shared/php5/bin/ and make it executable:
$ wget -O /hsphere/shared/php5/bin/php-wrapper https://repo.cloudlinux.com/cloudlinux/sources/mod_fcgid-hsphere/php-wrapper
$ chmod 755 /hsphere/shared/php5/bin/php-wrapper
  1. Change permissions for /hsphere/local/home to 755:
$ chmod 755 /hsphere/local/home
  1. Edit ~httpd2/conf/extra/httpd-hostinglimits.conf and add DenyHandlers, so section will look like:
<IfModule mod_hostinglimits.c>
SkipErrors Off
AllowedHandlers cgi-script %php% fcgid-script application/x-miva-compiled
DenyHandlers hs-php5-script hs-php53-script hs-php54-script 
</IfModule>
  1. Configure physical server from H-Sphere admin > E.Manager > P.Servers > server_name [parameters] icon, settings should be:
apache_version = 2
apacha_fastcgi = yes
apache_status = yes

  1. Set PHP configuration to:
php_libphp5 enabled but not default
php_fastcgi5 enabled and is default

Other options could be configured according to personal needs.

When done - click SUBMIT to apply changes.

Note

After updating H-Sphere software on web server with CloudLinux OS Shared you need to re-apply step 2 (patch usemodule.phpmode) and restart apache with /hsphere/shared/scripts/apache-restart script.

DigitalOcean

How to make CloudLinux OS Shared work on DigitalOcean:

DigitalOcean doesn't support custom kernels. The droplet (VM) always runs DigitalOcean's kernel. CloudLinux OS Shared requires its own kernel. To enable CloudLinux OS Shared work on DigitalOcean droplets, we provide ability to boot into CloudLinux OS Shared kernel using kexec functionality.

How does this work:

  • cldeploy script checks for presence of /etc/digitalocean. If the file detected, we assume that this is DigitalOcean droplet;
  • kexec-tools are installed;
  • kexec script will be created in /etc/rc.d/init.d/ and set to run right after rc.sysinit.

When executed, script /etc/rc.d/init.d/kexec detects the latest installed CloudLinux OS Shared kernel, and loads that kernel.

If the system cannot boot into CloudLinux OS Shared kernel (due to any reason), subsequent reboot will skip kexec, allow droplet to boot into DigitalOceans' kernel.

To disable booting into Cloudlinux OS Shared kernel, run:

chkconfig --del kexec

To re-enable booting into CloudLinux OS Shared kernel, run: 

chkconfig --add kexec

Adding CloudLinux OS Shared image to DigitalOcean

Custom images are Linux distributions that have been modified to fit the specific needs of DigitalOcean users. You can find some basics of importing a custom CloudLinux OS Shared image below.

Importing custom images to DigitalOcean is free, as you are only charged for the storage of your image. To save money, you can easily import your image, start a Droplet from your image, and delete the image, so you don’t incur any storage costs.

Below, we will describe how to add a qcow2 (QEMU/KVM) CloudLinux OS Shared image as a custom image. You can find more information on image options at https://www.digitalocean.com/docs/images/custom-images/overview/

  1. To choose the right image, navigate to https://download.cloudlinux.com/cloudlinux/images/#kvm-tab. Several different images are available for download (with and without a control panel).

  1. Copy the link for the image you are going to use and log into cloud.digitalocean.com.

Click Images on the left of the screen and then choose Custom Images. Click the Import via URL button and paste the CloudLinux OS Shared image link.

There are several options here, but the most important is Choose a datacenter region, i.e. which datacenter region your Droplets should be created in for this image.

Click the Upload Image button and wait until the image is successfully uploaded.

  1. Add your public key to access your droplets using key-based authentication: navigate to the Security sidebar menu and click the Add SSH Key button.

You can find more information about creating/adding SSH keys in this article.

  1. You will then be able to start a CloudLinux OS Shared Droplet using the image.

    Note

    Your Droplet will be created in the same datacenter that your custom image resides in.

  1. Now, use your preferred SSH client software to connect to your Droplet. You can find more information on SSH client setup here.

Linode

Warning

If you are installing CloudLinux OS Shared 8, please make sure you’ve read https://www.linode.com/community/questions/19397/i-just-upgraded-my-centos-8-linode-and-now-it-wont-boot-how-do-i-fix-this-proble

CloudLinux OS Shared on Linode KVM

To install CloudLinux OS Shared 7 on Linode KVM server you should perform the following steps:

  1. Deploy CL to your Linode following the steps from this section

  2. Install grub on your system:

yum install grub2
  1. Add to /etc/default/grub the following parameters:
GRUB_TIMEOUT=10
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="console=ttyS0,19200n8"
GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true
GRUB_SERIAL_COMMAND="serial --speed=19200 --unit=0 --word=8 --parity=no --stop=1"
  1. Update grub config:
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

  1. Edit your Linode profile, change the boot settings to GRUB 2 .

  2. Reboot your Linode.

After reboot you will have fully operational CloudLinux OS Shared 7 system and can proceed with other configuration you need.

CloudLinux OS Shared on Linode Xen

To install CloudLinux OS Shared 7 on Linode Xen please perform the following steps:

  1. Deploy CL to your Linode following the steps from this section.

  2. Create the file /boot/grub/menu.lst with the following content:

timeout 5
title CloudLinux 7.1, $KVERSION
root (hd0)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-$KVERSION root=/dev/xvda1 ro quiet
initrd /boot/initramfs-$KVERSION.img

where $KVERSION is the version of the installed CloudLinux OS Shared 7 kernel.

Note

You will need to update /boot/grub/menu.lst manually after every kernel update.

  1. Switch boot settings to pv-grub-x86_64 and switch off Auto-configure networking in Linode settings.

  2. Reboot your Linode.

In case if you will migrate to KVM later you will need only switch the boot settings to GRUB 2.

Virtuozzo and OpenVZ

Note

Starting from November 1st, 2019, we do not support Virtuozzo and OpenVZ containers. However, you can run CloudLinux OS Shared on OpenVZ 6 and Virtuozzo 6 hypervisors. The hypervisor virtualization is the same as for Xen/KVM/VMware. Check how to run hypervisors here.

Note

  • Virtuozzo 6 and OpenVZ 6 are supported.
  • Virtuozzo 7 and OpenVZ 7 are not supported.

Note

Kernel 2.6.32-042stab088.4 or later required

CloudLinux OS Shared provides limited support for OpenVZ and Virtuozzo. At this stage only the following functionality works:

  • CageFS
  • PHP Selector
  • max entry processes
  • mod_lsapi
  • MySQL Governor

Installation

VZ Node (needs to be done once for the server):

Note

Make sure all containers are stopped prior to doing this operation. Or reboot the server after the install.

Note

Please make sure you have vzkernel-headers and vzkernel-devel packages installed. If no - install them with yum

yum install vzkernel-headers vzkernel-devel

$ wget -P /etc/yum.repos.d/ https://repo.cloudlinux.com/vzlve/vzlve.repo
$ yum install lve-kernel-module

This will setup LVE module for VZ kernel, as well as DKMS to update that module each time VZ kernel is updated.

After this is done, you can add LVE support for any container on a node, at any time.

To make CloudLinux OS Shared work inside VZ container, VZ node has to be enabled. This should be done for any container where LVE support needs to be added:

$ vzctl set CT_ID --devnodes lve:rw --save

To disable LVE support for Container:

$ vzctl set CT_ID --devnodes lve:none --save

Inside container, follow standard CloudLinux installation procedures.

CloudLinux OS Shared license is required for each VZ container.

Note

Some servers require increasing fs.ve-mount-nr on host node, otherwise CageFS will throw errors.

To increase fs.ve-mount-nr, on a host node:

  1. add fs.ve-mount-nr = 15000 to /etc/sysctl.conf;

  2. apply it with sysctl -p command.

In very rare cases the value should be increased higher, up to 50000.

LILO boot loader

CloudLinux OS Shared can be deployed on servers that don't have grub installed, by installing хороgrub first.

To do that:

  1. Make sure grub and kernel packages are not excluded. Edit file /etc/yum.conf and check exclude= line for presence of kernel* grub*.

  2. Backup lilo config file:

mv /etc/lilo.conf /etc/lilo.conf.bak

  1. Convert to CloudLinux OS Shared using deploy2cl utility.

  2. Check grub.conf – it should be configured automatically:

# cat /boot/grub/grub.conf
default=0
timeout=5
title CloudLinux Server (2.6.18-294.8.1.el5.lve0.7.33)
     kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.18-294.8.1.el5.lve0.7.33 root=/dev/sda1  ro
     root (hd0,0)
     initrd /boot/initrd-2.6.18-294.8.1.el5.lve0.7.33.img
     title linux centos5_64
     kernel /boot/bzImage-2.6.33.5-xxxx-grs-ipv4-64 root=/dev/sda1  ro
     root (hd0,0)
  1. Install grub to master boot record:
/sbin/grub-install /dev/sda
  1. Reboot and check that you are running CloudLinux OS Shared. uname -r should show something like: 2.6.18-294.8.1.el5.lve0.7.33.

Uninstalling

You can always uninstall CloudLinux OS Shared. In this case, the system will be converted back to AlmaLinux or CentOS* (Depends on what system the conversion was done from).

WARNING

CentOS Linux 8 reached End Of Life (EOL) on December 31st, 2021. You can still uninstall CloudLinux and return to CentOS 8, but we don't guarantee stable operation of the system and its repositories after this action.

The following actions will be taken:

  1. LVE related packages will be removed.
  2. CloudLinux OS Shared repositories & yum plugin will be removed.
  3. AlmaLinux or CentOS* repositories will be set up.

In the end, the script will provide instructions on how to finish the conversion back to AlmaLinux or CentOS*. That will require removal of CloudLinux OS Shared kernel (manual step), and installation of AlmaLinux or CentOS* kernel (if needed).

WARNING

Do not forget to free up a CloudLinux OS Shared license by removing the server from the Servers section of your CLN account. After that, if you don't intend to use the license anymore, you can remove it to avoid being billed for it.

To uninstall CloudLinux OS Shared, run:

$ wget -O cldeploy https://repo.cloudlinux.com/cloudlinux/sources/cln/cldeploy
$ sh cldeploy -c

Now you have converted back to AlmaLinux or CentOS* and it is the time to install kernel.

To delete CloudLinux OS Shared kernel, run (change the kernel package name to the one you've been using):

rpm -e --nodeps $(rpm -qa | grep kernel | grep lve)

To install new AlmaLlinux or CentOS* kernel once you deleted CloudLinux OS Shared kernel, type yum install kernel.

If yum says that the latest kernel is already installed, it is OK.

Please check your bootloader configuration before rebooting the system.

To remove unused kmods and lve libs run:

yum remove lve kmod*lve*

Kernel package and related LVE packages should be deleted and the required kernel will be installed.

Before the reboot, the following command should be executed for restoring Apache and httpd.conf without mod_hostinglimits:

For EasyApache 3:

/scripts/easyapache --build

For EasyApache 4:

/usr/local/bin/ea_install_profile --install /etc/cpanel/ea4/profiles/cpanel/default.json

Note

Some of the packages from CloudLinux OS Shared repo will still be present. They are the same as AlmaLinux or CentOS* packages, and don't have to be removed. They will be updated in the future from AlmaLinux or CentOS* repositories, as new versions come out.

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